David,
Good questions all...
Staying with the bone example of the original post, my young male tried to get into the habit of collecting all of the bones, that are round about to chew, and present an attitude to any of the older dogs who approached him. My solution was to simply do my 'hey' voice, collect the bones, and end the situation. After a few 'heys' and loss of bone he seemed to get it that it was ok to have one bone but not ok to have multiple bones, and it was absolutely not ok to give the other dogs the attitude.
I don't allow toy hoarding and I don't allow nose to nose attitude.
It would be foolish of me to expect that dogs get along 100 per cent of the time. But often I see a situation brewing and, aware of my presence, the dogs will look at me and get on about their business. No command, sound, gesture. Just a look.
Each of the four dogs have unique personalities. Dominant, submissive, anxious, strong. And those personalities change day to day, situation to situation.
I'm working through the word "avoidance." I guess so but I want all the dogs to avoid in that context. And yes, it does create an atmosphere of self-defusing. The alpha will get cranky with this behavior, so...
Initially it may be the A v. B scenario but over time it becomes A and B both are conditioned. And over the years, the core pack members create a atmospheric that seems to quickly condition new members whether new pack member or foster.
There are always consequences to behavior. In my world my challenge is to try to maintain a balance and fairness that reaches all dogs and each dog evenly. I try hard to maintain an atmosphere in which no dog feels, if that is the right word, that he or she has to seek a leadership position or is relegated to a follower position.
Each dog is trained more or less the same way, using the same commands, using the same hand signals, getting the same rewards, etc. The result, often, is that a command such as 'enough' addresses all of the dogs behaviors at the same time, or at least addresses some of the dogs' behaviors and reminds the others.
An old story... I had a foster dog arrive and about the third day he was here I was sitting at my desk when Max came into the room, sat and looked into the kitchen. In a moment, Freya did the same. Then Brio. Then Kai. I thought it odd, so I got up and looked into the kitchen to see the foster dog counter surfing. I bellowed 'HEY' and he got down and came to me in submission. I looked at him. the other dogs looked at him, and that was that. No more counter surfing. Lucky. Funny. Interesting.
I don't tolerate behavior from one dog that I wouldn't tolerate in the others. That wouldn't be fair.
On a tangent. Every day starts with the morning ritual. They go out for a constitutional. I get the dog's food. Down the dogs, though they go down automatically, put the bowls of food down, and wait until the spirit moves me to release the dogs to eat either by name or all with OK. Put another way, every morning the dogs begin their day paying attention to me. And the day is laced with mini reminder sessions of our respective roles.
I like to train the individual dog in the presence of the group. Kinda like monkey see monkey do with distractions. I want them always to hear me and respond to me as individuals and a group. I like lots of praise. I'm interested in a pet that has personality and character, and can be trusted as much as you can trust any dog.
I love the individual personalities of the dogs and try not to dampen any, and they seem none the worse for my efforts. They certainly aren't shrinking violets.
I guess it has to do with me not picking a dog if two have an issue. I don't correct one and praise the other. I try hard not to show favoritism, which is not to say that I don't pet and pamper the dogs individually. I address the instance or situation and not the dogs, mostly. That sounds strange but it is how I do stuff. Of course there are individual corrections but if two dogs have a problem I address the problem as if both dogs should know better.
I guess it is the result of having a continuing pack where dogs come and go over time, and times change but basic atmospherics remain the same. And it seems to me that dogs learn from other dogs, so if the dogs are trained it isn't just me emphasizing behavior.
Sorry for the rambling. And I don't think I answered your questions.
Mike A.
"I wouldn't touch that dog, son. He don't take to pettin." Hondo, played by John Wayne