I have GSD pups. We don't see the dam nursing and I'm a bit worried. Should I force her to nurse the pups or tube feed? How often should she be nursing them?

You should take this female temp twice a day. It should be between 101 and 103°F. If it goes above 103°F she needs to go to the vet and get on antibiotics.

If her temp is normal (101°F) then give her a couple of cans of chicken or beef broth. The more she drinks, the more milk she makes, the more milk she has the more she wants to stay and nurse her babies.

That's where you start. I hope this helps.

Regards,
Ed Frawley