I have often heard of this German study but also have never been able to find any citations or references to anything actually published. (And I looked).
An anecdote.
A choke chain acutally DID ruin the trachea and voice box of my personal dog. I have seen this first hand. And it was me who caused it. Yes, I allowed her to pull on the leash with the choke on her whole life. No, it probably wasn't fitted properly. I would have to say that I probably used the choke chain the way 99% of other owners did - improperly. Back then (1980's-early 90's) that is what people used to walk their dogs - choke chains.
Now, I hate the bloody things and would never and could never have one on my dogs.
Prong collars will never produce a choking, sputtering dog, even if they are used incorrectly.
I have also performed the thigh test. To me that is all the proof I need, German study or no German study.
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